Chapter+16+(Scientific+Revolution)

Chapter 16 Jessie&EllieDo

=**1. Big Ideas** we should understand about this area in the European story...=
 * The greatest achievements in science during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries came in astronomy, mechanics and medicine.
 * Galileo, Capernicus, Newton, Kepler, all presented ideas which reworked the model of the universe. This helped dig the divide between the Church and science.
 * The Church didn't like the new ideas because they were contradicting the Churches "known facts", delivered by God.
 * The scientific societies aided the passing of knowledge from one intellectual to another.
 * Women were mostly excluded from the societies, but they still managed to make names for themselves, These women were from the elite classes and could use the instruments of their fathers, brothers, and husbands.

=**2. Contextual factors** we should remember when writing about this topic? Consider when, where, what happened before...= Heliocentric universe, Hermetic magic, Royal Society, Royal Academy, //Querelles des femmes// (justify male dominance), Calculus (Isaac Newton), Pantheism, Atheism,

=3. Historical debates / approaches that are playing out amongst scholars to understand this topic?= Some historical debate from this time and the methods learned from it, include the debate with religion, as to whether the bible is right or science. In the context of the Scientific Revolution the Catholic Church was always right and some of the scientists even believed that although their research proved different from the churches ideas, that they ultimately followed the church and god. Even today some scientists struggle with whether to go on faith or to question it and expand their knowledge of the world.

1609 - Kepler published his first two laws of planetary motion 1610 - Publiocation of Galileo's //Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems: Ptolemaic and Copernican// 1687 - Publication of Newton's //Principia// In his lifetime, Newton also invented Calculus. May God smite thee, Newton 1710 - Maria Winkelmann applied for a post as an assistant astronomer at the Berlin Academy. Though she was highly qualified, her request was declined as she was a woman.
 * Timeline:**

1. Which woman was the most famous female astronomer of her time? A. Maria Merian B. Margaret Cavendish C. Nicole Copernicus D. Maria Winkelmann E. Trisha Querelles
 * Multiple Choice Questions**

2. The Catholic Church waited to denounce who's work until Galileo's work appeared? A. Brahe B. Kepler C. Galileo D. Newton E. Copernicus

3. Which scientist presented the idea that the universe was heliocentric rather than geocentric? A. Kepler B. Newton C. Copernicus D. Ptolemy E.Cavendish

4.Who is the famous author of //Principia//? A. Cavendish B. Winkelman C. Descartes D. Newton E. Pascal